Hybrid vigor heterosis michael gore lecture notes tucson winter institute version 18 jan 20. Genomic divergence in cotton germplasm related to maturity. Heterosis and combining ability studies in cotton hybrids gossypium hirsutum l. India reside pioneer in commercialization of heterosis in cotton. Studies on heterosis in cotton interspecific heterotic group hybrids. Heterosis and heterobeltiosis occurred in varying degrees. Heterosis, the increase in such characteristics as size, growth rate, fertility, and yield of a hybrid organism over those of its parents.
Integration of conventional and advanced molecular tools to. Heterosis and combining ability for yield and fiber. Plant height, which shows dynamic development and heterosis, is a major trait affecting plant architecture and has an indirect influence on economic yield related to biological yield in cotton. In upland cotton, a cytoplasmic genomic interaction determining heterosis for.
The story of cotton national cotton council of america. Heterosis for seed cotton yield and other traits in gms. Sandeep kumar bangarwa the term heterosis was first used by shull in 1914. Oct 29, 2018 nowadays hybrids f 1 of cotton in china are produced preferably from crossing of a nonbt cotton line with a bt cotton line. Pdf a line x tester analysis was undertaken to estimates the magnitude of heterosis in thirtytwo hybrids of cotton gossypium hirsutum l. Heterosis is a term used to describe the phenomenon in which the performance of an f 1, produced by the crossing of two homozygous but genetically different individuals, is superior to that of the best parent.
Abstract heterosis and combining ability for yield and yield components were determined in a population derived from half diallel crossing of six cotton genotypes. Heterosis study for seed cotton yield and its yield attributing traits in. Most of these studies, involving the eff ects of heterosis. The cotton hybrid can be produced through heterobeltiosis by crossing two cotton cultivars to enhance seed production in combination with better fiber quality 8. Analysis of variance revealed highly significant differences among all the f 1 and f 2 hybrid means and their respective six parental values for all the traits examined. Heterosis and correlation in interspecific and intraspecific.
As important yield components, boll number per plant bnp shows dynamic character and strong heterosis in upland cotton. Arab merchants brought cotton cloth to europe about 800 a. Heterosis and combining ability for yield and yield components were determined in a population derived from half diallel crossing of six cotton genotypes. On the other hand, a group of physical properties can play a vital role in determination of textile use and economic value of cotton. Heterosis for seed cotton yield and other traits in gms based hybrids of american cotton gossypium hirsutum. Heterosis and correlation in interspecific and intraspecific hybrids of. The primary objective of this study was to determine the useful heterosis in gossypium hirsutum for seed cotton yield, its component traits and fibre quality parameters. Heterosis dominated the thinking of plant and animal geneticists in the 1940s and 1950s as evidenced by the now classic book entitled heterosis edited by john w. Combining ability analysis to identify suitable parents. The current study was conducted to evaluate the performance of f2 population for studying mean performance, heterotic effects and inbreeding depression in upland cotton for polygenic traits. Oct 29, 2018 heterosis, a multigenic complex trait extrapolated as sum total of many phenotypic features, is widely utilized phenomenon in agricultural crops for about a century.
Abstract combining ability and heterosis analysis was done to identify the potential parents and best performing hybrids for seed cotton yield, yield contributing traits and fiber quality parameters. Cotton, heterosis, seed cotton yield how to cite this paper. The mean values of heterosis for boll weight over mid parent, better parent and standard check were found to be 16. Heterosis in seed cotton yield and boll number results mainly due to nonadditive. Pdf heterosis and combining ability studies in cotton. Sep 25, 2018 investigation of the distribution of heterozygous loci, among 12 commercial cotton hybrids, revealed a potential role for these regions in heterosis. Heterosis and inbreeding depression for seed cotton yield and. Studying combining ability and heterosis in different. Oct 17, 2016 yield is an important breeding target. Most of the hybrids expressed significant standard heterosis for all the characters over the checks. Partial dominance, overdominance and epistasis as the genetic. When columbus discovered america in 1492, he found cotton growing in the bahama islands. Genetic analysis of upland cotton dynamic heterosis for boll. Rajaravindran departmentof agricultural botany, agricultural college and research institute, tnau, k1llikulam 628 252, india abstract thirteen parents belonging to gossypiwn hirsutum along with their 30 f hybrids were evaluated in lx t model for 15.
Heterosis may be defined as the superiority of an f 1, hybrid over both its parents in terms of yield or some other character heterosis, or hybrid vigour, describes the superior performance of heterozygous hybrid individuals compared with their homozygous parental inbred lines. Determination of genetic basis of heterosis may promote hybrid production in upland cotton gossypium hirsutum l. Gbhv 148 showed significant positive heterosis over better parent along with significant positive. So information about heterosis and heterobeltiosis among cotton gene pool and population is essential to optimize hybrid development. Heterosis can be defend as the superiority of f hybrid over both the parents in terms of yield and some other character or. Since the time shull 1914 introduced the term heterosis, breeders have made wide use of this phenomenon, and the list of crops in which heterosis has led to economic gains is. Cotton, line x tester analysis, heterosis, single plant yield. Combining ability and heterosis were studied in a 6. Studies on heterosis in cotton gossypium hirsutum l. The effect of heterosis on leaf apparent photosynthesis ap.
Heterosis and combining ability analysis in tetraploid. Heterosis in interspecific hybrids for seed cotton yield was more prominent than in intraspecific hybrids. This increased productivity or superiority over the parents is known as heterosis or hybrid vigor or. Heterosis results in a generalized increase in plant growth, yet the involvement of photosynthesis in this response is not well understood. Heterotic eff ects in topcrosses of modern and obsolete. Favorable heterosis was reported for seed cotton yield and bollsplant katageri et al. The potential benefits from utilizing heterosis were especially evident when all traits were considered simultaneous. Genetic basis of heterosis for yield and yield components.
Heterosis is a multigenic complex trait and can be extrapolated as the sum total of many physiological and phenotypic traits. Full text pdf 105k exploiting heterosis is one method to increase cotton yields that have stagnated in recent years. A number of experiments showed that significant heterosis existed in upland cotton for yield and yield components. The cotton hybrid can be produced through heterobeltiosis by crossing two cotton cultivars to enhance seed production in. The current study was conducted to evaluate the performance of f2 population for studying mean performance, heterotic effects and inbreeding depression in. In general, the level of heterosis is observed higher in interspecific crosses than in intraspecific crosses. Combining ability estimates and heterosis for yield and fiber. Marked heterosis was observed for seed cotton yield, boll number and halo length. Combining ability and heterosis studies in experimental hybrids of cotton gossypium hirsutum l. The value of exploitable heterosis for seed cotton yield ranged from 15. Plant and animal breeders exploit heterosis by mating two different purebred lines that have certain desirable traits. In upland cotton, a cytoplasmic genomic interaction determining heterosis for seed cotton yield and boll number is reported.
In the present study, we carried out dynamic analysis for plant height and its heterosis by quantitative trait loci qtl mapping at multiple developmental stages using two recombinant inbred lines. By 1500, cotton was known generally throughout the world. It explains the development and evaluation of intra specific cotton hybrids under rainfed situation. Breeders rely on genetic variation between parents to. Heterosis and combining ability studies in american cotton gossypium hirsutum l. Combining ability and heterosis studies on yield and fibre. Heterosis has been utilized in commercial production, but the heterosis mechanism has remained vague. This study was designed to explore the genetic mechanism of heterosis for yield and yield components in f 2. Heterosis, also called hybrid vigour, the increase in such characteristics as size, growth rate, fertility, and yield of a hybrid organism over those of its parents. Possibilities and constraints heterosis in cotton authorstream presentation.
Heterosis definition types of heterosis heterosis in. Pdf heterosis studies for seed cotton yield and other traits in. Heterosis studies for agromorphological and fiber quality. The parents and their f2s 6 genotypes were evaluated in three mississippi delta locations in 1990. The area under cotton cultivation in the india is about 10. Crop science abstract heterosis and gene action in cotton. The trait seed cotton yield per plant showed high significant positive heterosis over midparent 54. Pdf a line x tester analysis was designed aiming towards the. Investigation of the distribution of heterozygous loci, among 12 commercial cotton hybrids, revealed a potential role for these regions in heterosis. Quantitative trait loci qtl mapping provides a powerful tool to unravel the genetic bases of cotton yield and its components, as well as their heterosis.
Four of the six f 1 s produced yields equal to or greater than deltapine 16 while also having longer, stronger, and finer fiber. Possibilities and constraints heterosis in cotton authorstream. Our study provides insight into the population structure of upland cotton germplasm. Using yield quantitative trait locus targeted ssr markers to study the. Despite the importance of heterosis in maize and the plethora of research done on heterosis, little is known empirically about the underlying genetic and related physiological basis of heterosis. Dec 12, 2018 quantitative trait loci qtl mapping provides a powerful tool to unravel the genetic bases of cotton yield and its components, as well as their heterosis. Partial dominance, overdominance and epistasis as the. Genetic analysis of upland cotton dynamic heterosis for boll number. Significant heterosis over both mid and better parents was observed for yield and yield components for majority of crosses. Genetic analysis of upland cotton dynamic heterosis for. Heterosis over mid parent and useful heterosis over commercial variety h14 estimates were obtained from a line x tester analysis of crosses involving thirteen diverse female parents with two locally adapted varieties h14 local standard and j34. Heterosis and inbreeding depression in f2 populations of. Studies on heterosis for yield and fibre quality traits in. It has been scientifically proved that such type of crossing gives significant betterparent heterosis or midparent heterosis especially in fiber yield components 10.
Cotton seed are believed to have been planted in florida in 1556 and in virginia in 1607. It is mainly focused on establishing vigorous cultivars with the fact that its deployment in crops necessitates the perspective of genomic impressions on prior selection for metric traits. Heterosis studies for agromorphological and fiber quality traits in cotton gossypium spp. Breaking yield barriers for 2050 phillips 2010 crop sci. Pdf heterosis studies for yield and fibre quality traits in upland. Our study also provides evidence that cotton heterosis was driven, in part, by different loci in different combination types. Combining ability and heterosis for seed cotton yield, its. Heterosis f1 mp, useful heterosis f1 deltapine 16, and gene action estimates were obtained at four locations from the six groups of. For seed cotton yield and its component traits crosses viz. In both generations, the mean squares due to general.
Jul 30, 2017 heterosis can be defend as the superiority of f hybrid over both the parents in terms of yield and some other character. The best heterotic combinations for seed cotton yield per plant identified over mid and better parents were cwrok165 x l763, ndlh1678 x na25, l763 x hyps 152, mcu5 x cwrok165 and na25 x ndlh1678. Heterosis and inbreeding depression for seed cotton yield. In the present study, the genetic basis underlying inbreeding depression and heterosis for yield and yield components of upland cotton was investigated in recombinant inbred line ril, immortalized f2 if2, and two backcross bcf1. The present investigation was carried out with a view to study the heterosis, combining ability and gene action for seed cotton yield, yield attributing traits, ginning outturn and important fibre quality parameters in tetraploid cotton g. Heterosis is the superiority of the hybrid over the mid or better parent or over standard check and is the result of allelic or nonallelic interactions of genes under influence of particular environment.
Hybrid cotton is suitable to dissect the heterosis mechanism. Exploiting heterosis is one method to increase cotton yields that have stagnated in recent years. A noticeable heterosis is reported in cotton by many workers. These interspecific crosses have shown desirable heterosis for seed cotton yield along with other yield components which may be tested in large. Heterosis for each of the nine traits studied was determined primarily by dominance gene action. Breeding hybrid cotton heterosis in seed cotton yield and boll number results mainly due to nonadditive dominance and epistatic gene action, both in interspecific and intraspecific diploid crosses.
Gunasekaran3 1centre for plant breeding and genetics, 2department of cotton, tamil nadu agricultural. Heterosis may be defined as the superiority of an f 1, hybrid over both its parents in terms of yield or some other character. Heterosis and combining ability for seed cotton yield and component traits in inter specific cotton hybrids gossypiumhirsutum l. Estimation of heterosis for yield and yield components in. Panjabrao deshmukh krishi vidyapeeth, akola, maharashtra. A set of 31 genotypes consisting of 21 hxb hybrids, seven lines of g. Main effect qtl with dominance determines heterosis for.
Hybrid cotton production through exploitation of heterosis is the only way for having vertical improvement and betterment in seed cotton yield which has been stagnated in the recent years. The study was conducted at halani district naushehro feroze during the kharif season 2014, to investigate the heterosis and heterobeltiosis of five parents through diallel cross combination to evaluate the superior parents and cross combinations. Heterosis study for seed cotton yield and its yield. A study of heterosis in upland cotton gossypium hirsutum l. Hybrid cotton is grown in several countries but the use of hybrids in the us has been limited due to seed production costs. Heterosis and gene action in cotton, gossypium hirsutum l. Integration of conventional and advanced molecular tools. Level of heterosis in cotton, level of heterosis has been extensively studied over midparent, better parent and commercial cultivar in intra and interspecific crosses of both tetraploid and diploid cotton. Heterosis in upland cotton has been exploited for many decades, but efforts have not bestowed the predictable results due to its predominant nature of selfpollination and floral structure. Combining ability and heterosis studies on yield and fibre quality traits in upland cotton gossypium hirsutum l. Hybrids with acceptable heterosis have been released for cotton production in both india, and china. The objective of this study was to examine the relationship between heterosis and genetic distance in upland cotton gossypium hirsutum l.
Heterosis has been known since the art of hybridization came into. Sep 25, 2018 our study also provides evidence that cotton heterosis was driven, in part, by different loci in different combination types. Combining ability analysis to identify suitable parents for. Study of heterosis in interspecific hybrids of cotton. The objective of this study was to investigate a novel method for the production of f 2 cotton hybrids using honey bees as pollina. Gowen and published by iowa state university press. Gunasekaran3 1centre for plant breeding and genetics, 2department of cotton, tamil nadu agricultural university, coimbatore 641 003, tamil nadu, india. During the last 50 yr, studies have been conducted to explore the eff ects of heterosis using both f 1 and f 2 hybrids. Heterosis, or hybrid vigour, describes the superior performance of heterozygous hybrid individuals compared with their homozygous parental inbred lines. The values of positive heterosis and useful heterosis for seed cotton yield. Replicated yield field trials of the progenies were conducted in 2008 and 2009. Regarding previous studies on heterosis in cotton, researches reported that different heterosis values obtained for yield components and fiber quality parameters. Heterosis, a multigenic complex trait extrapolated as sum total of many phenotypic features, is widely utilized phenomenon in agricultural crops for about a century. In fact, the biological basis of heterosis is considered by some scientists to be inadequately defined.
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